Titanium Essay -- Biology, Biomaterial, TNA

1.INTRODUCTION Titanium has played a successful bio secular in biomedical cover especially for orthopedics (bone-anchoring systems), dentistry, drug delivery, and nanotherapeutics in treating bone genus Cancer and arthritis. One of the treatments of bone cancer patients is the replacement of cancerous bone with implant material. The current implant materials produce implemented coating technology (such as calcium phosphate or hydroxyapatite) which gives good cytocompatibilty but over the time it gets encapsulated with the surrounding bone cells and lead to poor osseointegration. An augment of current implant material, we used nanotechnology application tailoring nanoscale topography on conventional implant material into TNA by anodization process. Our aim is to think over the cellular interaction of the cells attached to the TNA material compared to several selected control material such as TiP (pure Titanium without surface modification), glass slides other alloy that commonly b een used as implant material in human. This study is important in order to study whether this material is merely from any genotoxicity or oncogenic effect before been use as human implant material.We have performed several preliminary studies, of the cells culture with TNA compared with control material. The morphology characterization by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) result shown cells spreading and cytoplasmic extension of cells, but not open to observe neither filipodium nor lamellipodium of the cells cultured on the TNA if compared to the test-control material. We hypotheses these cytoplasmic extensions could penetrate inside the nanotubes cylindrical-like structure. From this we suggested the TNA topography may assist the protein adsorption and pro... ...both numerical and structural chromosome changes and can give guess to cancer (Stewenius, Y., et al. 2005). 3.4Potential application in cancer treatmentFrom several previous studies have shown, this TNA technology have a potential application in cancer treatment. Mainly in bone cancer treatment, where we can used as implant material to replace the bone lost due to the cancer. in like manner study by Enrique Melendez (2002) have reported this titanium oxide technology have potential as chemotherapeutic agent. Lee, C., et al (2010) also supported Enrique Melendez study, where they concluded that this titania have potential therapeutic application for cancer thermotherapy due to the excellent photothermal properties and high biocompatibility. Therefore our study is important, in order to prove whether the titania is save to be used in this medical treatment application.

Cathedral Essay -- essays research papers

CathedralThe story is about a blind man who visits a married couple. He is an old friend of the wife, but the husband does not look forward to see the blind man (called Robert) because he does not know what to expect. He has never known any blind persons and his picture of these is ground on a very little foundation. He has a lot of prejudices against Robert, but during his visit he changes his opinion about him. While watching TV together they get each other to know better and the husband finds out that he actually likes his company. They watch a program about cathedrals and spell talking about cathedrals, Robert says that he does not even know how a cathedral looks like. The husband tries to explain what a cathedral is and how it is built, but Robert does not run into it. Therefore he suggests that they can draw one together. In that way Robert gets a picture of a cathedral in his mind and even though it is not as good as seeing it with his own eyes, it is good enough to give hi m an idea of what a cathedral is. I think in that respect are may different themes in this short story. For instance, I think that prejudices is one of the main themes which is shown through the husband&8217s way of react, when he hears that a blind man is coming. Because he does not know what to expect, he imagines a man, totally different, who does not have the same habits or knows the same thing as &8220normal people. &8220I remembered having read somewhere that the blind did not sm...

Customer Empowerment Essay -- Economics

Customer EmpowermentThe Choice is YoursThe Internet has permanently changed the relationship betweenconsumers and the retail industry. Electronic craft has providedconsumers with more options, more alternatives and more opportunitiesthan ever before.Consumers are no longer limited to physically visiting main streetor big-box retailers. Instead, they are open to choose from productsand services from companies large and small, located all over theworld, without leaving their homes.Tangible points of comparison between retailers, which now can beautomatically aggregative by software buying agents in seconds, includemore than selection and price. Shipping costs, return policies,privacy practices and personalization of products are examples oftangible points of comparison.Equally as pregnant are intangible points of comparison, specificallythe node experience. Everything from the look and feel of the homepage to the shopping and buying process defines this experience. Itencompasses e verything the customer sees, clicks, reads, or otherwiseinteracts with. The customer experience is the key to dotcom survival.Consider the options available at the Lands End Web site. Consumerscan browse the catalog online or shop with a friend, speak with acustomer representative on the phone or online, create a model to tryon clothes virtually, ask questions about specific products, habitation anorder and track past orders. Concern over the customer experience hasclearly driven the design of the Lands End business model, creatingnumerous options unavailable in the physical world.Of course, this overlooks the most powerful and fundamental option toconsumers on the Internet the ability to leave one store and enteranother within seconds. And if a satisfactory purchase cannot be made,online auctions provide alternative shopping venues that directlycompete with many traditional retailers.Central to the creation of a positive, unique and personalisedshopping experience are technologies employed to remember customerpreferences. Tracked preferences help expedite, and sometimes fullyautomate, the shopping process while offering targeted market anddiscounts.Online chat, bulletin boards, user reviews, auction sites, consumerfeedback, online help and other customer-oriented features are als... ...e the price was just too high (because of the pricing error). Iasked him if he could change it and he said no. He also knew that theywould be throwing out the oranges soon if they didnt sell. Hisfrustration in not being able to correct such(prenominal) an obvious problem inhis own department was evident.The Lesson.I tell these two contrasting stories because they relate directly tocustomer satisfaction and profitability as a function of employeeempowerment. Two good grocery chains with two very differentapproaches to management.At Fresh Fields, every employee is aware of his or her jounce onprofit and is empowered to final payment independent action to maximize it.The deci sion to give two expensive cookies to a customer is not an unnoticeable decision. It is a business decision that may influencethe relationship between a store and its customer.Unfortunately, it is a decision that most employees in traditionallymanaged organizations spend a penny no authority to make.My hope is that these two examples will clearly show how customers andprofits can be won or lost when employees are enabled to takeownership of day-to-day problems. Once again, it just makes sense.

Changes From The Paleolithic To The Neolithic Age Essay -- essays rese

There were changes that occurred from the Paleolithic Period to the Neolithic. Small changes were made in this time, from the culture, to bigger changes like economics, and agriculture. How did military personnel deal with these changes and what kind of impact did it have on society?The Paleolithic Period is the earliest time period man has been alive, and the longest of the fossa Ages. It dates from 2,000,000 B.C to 10,000 BC The pile of the Paleolithic Period lived simple lives, which consisted primarily of survival. Mans life was simply to hunt, eat, and survive, while the womans job was to gather and watch over the children.The people of the Paleolithic Age were mostly nomads. To survive they had to travel everywhere, and follow the migration of animals as the animals were there primary food source. Whenever they decided to stay, they lived mostly in caves, tree trunks, and those types of shelter. They had to eat, and to do that they had to kill the animals. They did this by u sing tools as weapons. The tools were mainly stone, bone, and ivory. They could make the weapons into hatchets, knives, and spearheads. The use of tools is one important development that took place in this time period. The Old Stone Age (Paleolithic Age) is also the step forward in technology and religion. The people of this time discovered how to contro...

The Roles of Anglo-Saxon Women Essay -- Women Females Roles Essays

The Roles of Anglo-Saxon WomenThe roles Anglo-Saxon women played in their society depended on the situation they had in their community. As in most cultures, the roles of women in Anglo-Saxon society included mother, wife, caregiver, and teacher. Because Anglo-Saxon women had many different roles, I will only focalisation here on marriage, divorce, and their daily life in their society. Where marriage was concerned, Anglo-Saxon women had the possibility of marrying anyone they chose. Sometimes marriages were arranged to keep peace between two clans, tho the women still had the right to refuse the proposal. Since women could own land in this early culture, morgengifu (morning gifs) like land were given to a prospective the wife to persuade her to marry. Because husband and wife, if they wer...

The Roles of Anglo-Saxon Women Essay -- Women Females Roles Essays

The Roles of Anglo-Saxon WomenThe roles Anglo-Saxon women played in their society depended on the status they had in their community. As in most cultures, the roles of women in Anglo-Saxon society included mother, wife, caregiver, and teacher. Because Anglo-Saxon women had many different roles, I will only focus here on marriage, divorce, and their casual life in their society. Where marriage was concerned, Anglo-Saxon women had the possibility of marrying anyone they chose. Sometimes marriages were arranged to keep peace between two clans, but the women still had the right to scraps the proposal. Since women could own land in this early culture, morgengifu (morning gifs) like land were given to a prospective the wife to persuade her to marry. Because husband and wife, if they wer...

Looking at “The Withered Arm” by Thomas Hardy Essay

Looking at The Withered gird and at least two other of a sudden stories, comment on how doubting Thomas fearless uses the female characters to influence the ratifiers responseTo prepare for this essay I have read a selection of Thomas uncompromisings short stories The Withered Arm, The Melancholy Hussar of the German Legion, The Distracted Preacher, Tony Kytes, the Arch Deceiver and Absent-mindedness in a Parish Choir. The number 1 three stories have been studied more closely than the latter two, and will be used to answer the essay title.Given that a readers response may be influenced by some(prenominal) incidentors, such as duration of reading, gender, and soulal values it is still clear how tough expects his readers to respond. bald-faced has moulded the phrase in many ways, resulting in an intricately woven and complex idea of each character in the readers mind.There are veritable similarities in each degree. Hardy seems to use clever twists of coincidences which a re not the fault of the unfortunate character/s involved. Tragedy and closing as well lean to characterise his stories, for example, Matthus and Christoph are shot and Rhoda nominates son is hanged. The reputation of women plays a big part in all three of the short stories.The Withered Arm differs from the other two stories as it has two principal(prenominal) women characters, who are naturally compared, in a subtle but effective manner.Rhoda Brook is first introduced into the bill through another characters speech, as she and later in the sentence is described as a thin worn milkmaid. This gives the reader a clear picture of Rhoda before she even enters the story she is shown as little more than a solitary victim of other peoples gossip. Hardy then presents Rhoda in her home, which is in the lonely and rural countryside. The house is made of mud-walls and is rather rundown and ramshackle in the thatch above a rafter showed corresponding a bone protruding through the skin. Th e house and Rhoda seem similar as their looks are both past their best. Rhoda is frequently presented in the context of a serious and lonely landscape thick clouds made the atmosphere dark. Rhoda is never a happy character and Hardy shows this well, through descriptions of gloomy landscapes.Rhoda has broken social convention by having a son out of sum and it seems as if she is being punished for this as the story unravels. Rhoda struggles to look after her son alone, and lives in near poverty. Rhoda does not seem particularly disturbed by her situation but it has cut her off from the eternal sleep of the small farming community.Hardy has cleverly associated Rhoda with sadness and superstition. Whenever Rhoda is being mentioned in the story the atmosphere is anxious, sad or tense, for example Brook felt analogous a guilty thing. Initially, Hardy steads Gertrude on the bright forefront, emphasizing her outgoing, carefree personality, bit Rhoda is left as a figure in the backgrou nd. Rhodas speech is limited but even when she does plow it is normally about Gertrude.Hardy uses Rhoda to show the harshness of social convention on women. Rhoda is eventually so excluded from her community that she moves away. Rhoda is threatened by her reputation as she does not want Gertrude to find out about her being the possible cause of the damaged arm. Overall, Rhodas situation provokes a sympathetic response from the reader.Gertrude is initially introduced into the story with the landscape in her favour the low sun was full in her face, rendering every(prenominal) feature, shade, and contour distinct. She is shown as generous, caring, (helping those less fortunate than herself) gentle and gratuitous emotionally and sexually. Her speech and behaviour are described with gentle linguistic process innocent young thing.Gertrude changes considerably over time, and is slowly transformed into the spectre of Rhodas dream. Hardy prepares the reader by starting to taint Gertrude with Rhodas main associations, and gradually Gertrude becomes a darker and more sinister figure. This is shown clearly when Gertrudes subconscious mind is praying O Lord, hang some innocent or guilty person soon. She is described as cunning, shrivelled and furtive. Hardy shows what a monster an innocent young woman brush aside become while trying to cope with the harsh world of the 1800s when her marriage and reputation is all she has. Gertrude failed her marriage in two ways, firstly she did not have children, and secondly, granger Lodge no longer found her attractive because of her withered arm (and this was the main motive for her wanting to cure it).Hardy showed that without a respectable marriage and children, many women felt that their lives were inadequate. Social convention and reputation ruled many womens lives. This makes the reader feel sympathetic towards women living in that time, and highlights the amount of granting immunity women have today.The Melancholy Hussar, contains one main female character, Phyllis Grove, who is presented as a figure of the past. Throughout the story Phyllis is rarely described physically she is an invisible character. Hardy describes Phyllis feelings extensively through direct authorial comment, as she says very little.Phyllis is also closely connected with the landscape, and is part of its timelessness. At the beginning of the story, Phyllis seclusion is shown through this mystical old manor houses and hamlets lie in the ravines. In addition, the landscape at this stage in the story is very bleak, symbolising the bleakness of Phyllis lifestyle. Phyllis spends most of the story outside, and words describing her are most energetic outside climbs, walks and clambers. When Phyllis becomes dislocated from what makes her happiest, she becomes dislocated from her landscape Phyllis was indoors for weeks after she saw Matthus and Christoph being shot. To highlight Phyllis shyness, she uses the haze and mist to hide her aw ay and protect her.Hardy uses Phyllis to show womens isolation, which can be due to men Phyllis father is unsympathetic towards her situation and Phyllis plainly hope of having a better life would be through marriage. Phyllis life seems to be mapped out before the story unravels because she is connected with men right at the beginning of the story, in this case her father. Phyllis only escape from her desperate isolation seems to be to marry, suitable Humphrey Gould, and their engagement is used by Hardy to convey the fact that marriages were seen as respectable and even an accomplishment.Hardy uses the York Hussars as a contrast to suitable and ordinary Humphrey the Hussars are shown with excitement and passion crowds of admirers and foreign air. Hardy then uses contrast once again regarding Matthus Tina this man is different and catches Phyllis attention. When Phyllis is with Matthus she is especially alive, as her speech is direct and not shown through report speech or authorial comment. Also, this seems to be the only time she can actually be heard. In addition, she is described using the most animated speech when she is with Matthus flushed, agitation, and shaked. The reader wants Phyllis and Matthus relationship to survive, as Phyllis is obviously so happy with him. This is what makes the ending so tragic.The stone wall is the place of Matthus and Phyllis meetings, and it symbolises an important boundary between them. This figurative language used by Hardy is not only showing the physical but also the moral boundary (Phyllis engagement) between the two lovers. Phyllis has a quiet independence, which Hardy shows through her willingness to elope with Matthus she is prepared to defy social convention.Hardy shows Phyllis as a victim of circumstance and coincidence, because when she hears that Humphrey has bought her a present, the only thing that holds her back from eloping is her conscience and honesty. Here Hardy indicates that one small, seemingly insig nificant moment can change ones life forever. This can make the reader feel quite insecure and that the world is unjust Phyllis suffered for the rest of her life exclusively because she was a good person.Irony is used when Phyllis is buried near Christoph and Matthus, near the wall where Matthus and her met. The most well known marriage vow contains until death do us part, though ironically they failed to be together in life, and death brought them together. It is also ironic because marriage was meant to be Phyllis escape from her hidden life but in fact it was marriage that prevented her freedom.Hardys harsh world also extends to men for example in The Withered Arm when Rhoda Brooks son is hanged. In fact, Matthus and Christoph were subtly shown as heroes because they took the blame for the other two people found in the boat and as a result were shot.The final story The Distracted Preacher contains one main female character, Lizzy Newberry. Lizzy completely strays from the socia l conventions of the time. Lizzy, like Rhoda, is introduced to the reader through someone elses speech, but in a completely different manner she wont have is used when Mr Stockdale is being informed about her, telling you instanter that she is confident and assertive. Lizzys personality is also shown through her leading Mr Stockdale to various destinations and giving him instructions. Hardy makes it clear that Mr Stockdale cannot take her for granted as he is eternally the one waiting for her and how he looks forward to seeing her Mr Stockdale longed for the morrow. He cannot control her life as she is so item-by-item and unpredictable.The environment surrounding Lizzy is snug and blithesome, unlike the rural countryside of Rhodas and Phyllis. Other environments associated with Lizzy are smugglers caves such as Daggers Grave these show her life as exciting and exhilarating. Hardy makes Lizzy the first to speak between her and Mr Stockdale she is confident as she is the one that approaches him. Lizzy being a widow puts her in a good position as she can be sexually experienced yet single, without it being a scandal.Hardy uses very sophisticated language to describe Lizzy, this shows her subtle superiority and sophistication. He also uses animated language such as ascended the hill and tripped at a quickening pace to show her freedom. Hardy shows Mr Stockdale as rather nave, by him automatically anticipate that a conversation is about love or marriage, when Lizzy is talking to the miller. Also, it takes him a long time to understand what Lizzy does to make money, even after so many clues Lizzys irregular sleeping patterns, her absence from her bedroom at night and him discovering a mans freshly washed clothes in his room.Lizzy dresses like a man when going smuggling, symbolising her masculinity. In fact, Lizzy is like the man of the house she makes all the choices and makes money. At one point, Lizzy handles money and this is very symbolic of her freedom. In the other two stories men are hurt physically and in this story Hardy uses this to show Lizzy as masculine she was shot in the hand. In The Withered Arm Rhoda is jealous of Gertrude for being with Farmer Lodge, and in The Melancholy Hussar Phyllis stays inside for four weeks because she is so put out about Matthus.In this story, however, Mr Stockdale gets upset about Lizzy. For a few days he becomes sad and restrained when he starts to suspect that there might be another man in Lizzys life. Also, there is a lack of choices for Mr Stockdale regarding his job brought with a single eye to ministry in the previous stories the women tend to lack choices. Social convention judge women to centre their lives around men but Lizzy was not prepared to give up her life for a man. Lizzy even suggests that Mr Stockdale gives up his ministry to marry her.I withdraw Hardy implies that money plays a big part in independence, because in the previous short stories women were restrained because of their lack of money, and in this story Lizzy is economically independent and has freedom.Render unto Caesar the things that are Caesars Hes dead, she pouted. This quote shows Lizzys rebelliousness but ironically, she ends up writing a book called Render unto Caesar. Lizzys marriage and apology to Mr Stockdale show that she eventually conformed to social convention. In the authors note Hardy says he would have preferred Lizzy to marry Jim the smuggler, and migrate to America, and that the other ending was only create verbally because of the expectations of the time of publishing. So, even Hardy had to conform to the conventions of the day. The latter ending is more modern and clearly shows the influence of time on Hardy and his admiration of Lizzy.Throughout these short stories Hardy has shown a wide range of characters and has used different women in varying ways to secure different purposes. Hardy is shown to have a good understanding of the women in that time through these stor ies. Even though all three of the short stories were written in the third person, Hardy has used language ingeniously. He has evoked many responses from the reader, but predominantly it is one of sympathy for the women.

Accounting and Finance For Business Essay

While these tutorial tasks MUST be submitted individually, you are encourage to fail through these tasks together with the other members of your team, both during this weeks tutorial and in your own time. This is a good opportunity to ensure that all members of your root can calculate a breakeven point before and after-tax, a margin of safety and make a managerial decision regarding the addition of a juvenile product (in this tutorial exercise, the addition of a new route).All answers must be inserted into the on-line form provided in LMS titled, Topic 9 Tutorial Exercises.Kangaroo AirlinesKangaroo Airlines in small local carrier located in the Kimberly region of Western Australia. All seats are economy class and the following data is for sale1.What is the break-even point in number of passengers per month?300002.What is the break-even point in sales revenue dollars per month?21000003.What is the break-even point in number of flights per month (round up)?3344.If Kangaroo Airline soon has on average 40,000 passengers per month what is Kangaroo Airlines margin of safety in number of passengers?5.If Kangaroo Airlines raises its average intact passenger fare to $85 and theaverage variable follows per passenger will remain at $30, it is estimated that the level factor will decrease to 60 percent. What will be the break-even point in number of flights (round up)?6.The cost of aviation open fire is a significant variable cost to any airline. If fuel charges increase by $8 per barrel, it is estimated that variable cost per passenger will increase to $40 however that average full passenger fare will remain at the original $70 per passenger as will the original load factor of 75 percent. What will be the new break-even point in number of passengers?7.The cost of aviation fuel is a significant variable cost to any airline. If fuel charges increase by $8 per barrel, it is estimated that variable cost per passenger will increase to $40 however the average full pas senger fare will remain at the original $70 per passenger as will the original load factor of 75%. What will be the new break-even point in number of passengers? What will be the new break-even point in number of flights (round up)?8.Kangaroo Airlines has experient an increase in average variable cost per passenger to $35 and an increase in fixed costs to $1,500,000. Kangaroo Airlines has decided to increase the average full passenger fare to $80. How many of passengers are needed to generate an after-tax profit of $400,000, if the company tax rate is 30 percent (round up)?

IKEA’s Global Strategy Essay

Swedish company IKEA was the worlds largest furniture retailer since the early 1990s. It sold inexpensive furniture of Norse design. The company operated in 55 countries with a workforce of 76,000 (the company referred to its workforce as its co-workers).IKEA offered nearly 12,000 items to the home furnishings market worldwide. It sold a wide cast of products including furniture, accessories, bathrooms and kitchens at 186 retail stores in 30 countries across Europe, North America, Southeast Asia, Middle East and Australia. IKEA enjoyed high brand equity. In 2003, Manhattan US-based Interbrand, a marketing search and consultancy firm, valued the IKEA brand at $6.92 billion and ranked IKEA 43rd on its list of the top 100 most valuable global brands, ahead of Nestle, Harley-Davidson, and Apple.3 Analysts attributed IKEAs success to its skill in combining good product design and superior quality with an affordable price. IKEAs low-pricing strategy was aimed at young people.For seve ral(prenominal) decades, IKEA had looked for international markets, which were culturally as close as possible to the Scandinavian market. The basic assumption behind IKEAs global strategy was one-design-suits-all. Anders Dahlvig, the CEO of IKEA, had at once said, Whether we are in China, Russia, Manhattan, or London, people buy the same things. We dont adapt to local markets. IKEA had, in fact, been quite successful with its one-design-suits-all global intricacy strategy in many markets. However, industry experts were doubtful as to whether this strategy would translate well into new, culturally diverse and riskier markets. They felt that a higher pointedness of localization was essential for companies like IKEA to be successful in diverse markets.The Asian markets, together with the Middle East and Australia, accounted for only 4% of IKEAs fit revenues in 2004. The company was keen to increase this share in the future. Upon entry into the far eastern markets, IKEA faced a num ber of challenges in terms of change cultural, demographic and market specific contracts. IKEA opened its first store in China in 1998.Although the companys global strategy had worked well in the past in most of the markets it had entered, it quickly learnt that success in the Chinese market required a different strategy in the areas of Marketing and HR. IKEA similarly had to alter two of the most important aspects of its time-tested and proven global strategy when it came to China while elsewhere in the world, IKEA had always located its stores in less expensive areas and sold its furniture on the do-it-yourself (DIY) principle, these elements had to be changed in China. IKEA claimed that it had decentralized most of its functions including HR and stores management in China, but condescension this, there was criticism that IKEA was far too bureaucratic with many of its operations being globally controlled and systematized.Commenting on this, Ian Duffy, IKEAs China retail mana ger commented, We need time to learn and change in the (Chinese) market to become a success. IKEA should lose many innovations to adapt to the China market. At IKEA our vision is to create a better everyday life for the many people. Our business idea supports this vision by offering a wide range of well-designed, functional home furnishing products at prices so low that as many people as possible will be able to afford them.(Our vision and business idea, http//www.ikea.com/ms/en_US/about_ikea/the_ikea_way/our_business_idea/index.html)It seems non achieved in China market yet. Firstly, IKEA should have greater cooperation with local suppliers to get more competitive advantage of cost leadership. Secondly, according to the specialty of China market, IKEA should have some more adjustment to satisfy so many China picky customers. Thirdly, IKEA should intensify propaganda work to let more customers understand and accommodate the IKEA model. As an outcomer, there is a long way to be the winner in this huge and potential market.After a long time to research the China market, IKEA already understand the China market more than before. With accelerating the speed of expand, the success of IKEA in China market is only the problem of time.

Media and Language Essay

The article discusses some how Facebook is really affecting ones feeling of universe lonely. It also states the different sources or causes for a person to be like one. Facebook is said to be an instrument to increase a persons social life and interaction with a nonher(prenominal)s but for most researchers, it is also a source of loneliness. Yvette Vickers death was connected to a heart attack which was reportedly caused by loneliness. She called distant fans before her death rather than her family and friends. Loneliness and universe alone is non the same thing. Being lonely is a psychological state while being alone is an external condition.Loneliness can be measured through the UCLA Scale. Researchers found out that as time goes by, the issue forth of people who feel lonely increases. Professional c atomic number 18rs is widely needed because of the alarming number of lonely beings which are then had become a public health issue. It can lead to certain illness like dementia, insomnia, obesity, hormonal imbalance, etc. many a(prenominal) like to be alone or independent because they get some satisfaction over that kind of system but what they dont recognize is that their exposing themselves into a world of pure loneliness.Family traits are changing because of the changing world. Some engage into social networking because of the urge to belong to a social group. This may be because of a poor household interaction between families. Scanning through others posts may lead to loneliness because people would tend to realize why other people have this and that while they do non. Why people experience this and that and they do not. Facebook draws a person into a world of illusion instead of being able to realize reality.It can be helpful if one can use it as a tool to engage social gatherings or interactions and not a substitute to one. Technology may be helpful or not to improving ones life but it is for the user to fructify its usage, maybe for better or f or worse. The author concluded that fraternity is not the same as bond. People let themselves be drawn into a connection which is not forever connected and a form of disintegration from this connection may lead to a worse scenario. So the text talks about the relation of loneliness to Facebook. I am a vivid Facebook user and yes, I felt lonely at some times.When I do not know what else to do, I try to scan through my wall and see some posts there about other peoples lives and how they feel and sluice what is currently happening to them. Some of those posts appeal to my senses. I feel envy of what other people have, in the material and social aspect. I am not into social interaction with those who I do not really know and from what I have observed, those people who talk to others via social networking sites are one those who are popular in reality and I also think that they are sometimes being plastic to others.Many admire their popularity and because of that, admirers always make a way to interact with them and also, the ones who are being admired are feeling good about it. That is only my opinion but I do not mind them. Also, I do not use social networking just to seek importance from other person like others do. I use it for intercourse and entertainment purposes only. I just want some communication with my friends and family and that is all I need to live a not so noticeable merely a full life. So I agree at some points of this article. It is the people who should control technology and not the technology who should control the person.

Othello by William Shakespeare Essay

Othello by William Shakespeare is a tragic story of envy, hatred and giving trusting to a very vicious person. It tells a tale of two people who loved each other despite the fact that they are worlds apart in terms of race, age and experience. Othello was a Moor, and Desdemona was the prettiest woman. Envied by Roderigo and Iago, the latter devised a plan to deceive Othello that his wife is cheating on him with his most trusted lieutenant Cassio. Unfortunately for the main characters, the plan worked and Othello stop up killing his faithful wife.Learning about what a fool he had become, non believing his own wife, Othello killed himself and died in his wifes embrace. Roderigo was killed by Cassio and Iago was tortured to death. I have chosen to discuss Act V, Scene II of the play Othello, where Othello was inclined his wife was unfaithful and made up his headway to kill her. For him, this was the only honorable thing to do. The first part showed Othello looking at his sleeping w ife amidst a flickering candle. He states It is the cause, it is the cause, my soul, Let me not name it to you, you chaste stars It is the cause. Yet Ill not shed her bloodNor scar that whiter skin of hers than snow, And smooth as monumental alabaster. In this speech, Othello is trying to convince himself that it was Desdemona who was at fault that is why killing her must be done. He accuses his wifes beauty as the cause of her infidelity. And because of this beauty that he entrust kill her with honor, and not damage any part of her splendor. He is obviously confused, hesitant, trying to make sense of what he is about to do. Yet she must die, else shell let out more men. Put out the light, and whence put out the light If I quench thee, thou flaming minister, I can again thy reason light restore,When I have pluckd the rose, I cannot give it vital growth again. It must needs wither Ill smell it on the tree. In these lines, Othello has affirmed reasons for him to kill his wife, an d convinced himself that by killing her, he is relieving her of her sins, bringing back her purity and innocence, as if being born again. He then kissed his wife and this awakened her. Desdemona, quite feeling there is something wrong, tried to capture her husbands love once again by inviting him to lay beside her that instead, Othello asked her whether she had already prayed because he does not want to kill an unprepared spirit.When Desdemona appeared confused, Othello told her that is has been proven that she has betrayed him by being with Cassio and that he has the handkerchief that Othello so lovingly gave her. Despite Desdemonas pleadings of innocence, Othellos mind has already been poisoned by Iagos stories, and he killed his wife. This scene, I believe is the umbrella of the whole play. Even though it was not actually verbalise in Act V, Scene II, it was obvious that Othello was a great man but was blinded by jealousy. And this blindness is a solid proof of Iagos cunningnes s in manipulating the different characters.It was also shown here how Desdemona truly loves her husband by admitting suicide and not revealing that it was Othello who killed her. The painting that I have chosen (above) in some way shows the entirety of scene II of Act V. By looking at it, one can clearly see the difference in Othello and Desdemonas lives. She was about a goddess, sleeping in her white wedding sheets, and he looks like a confused peasant wearing a suit that is fit for him. in that location was hesitation, uncertainty and doubt in his eyes. He was holding a dagger evidently implying that he is about to kill her (although this was actually used to kill himself).His sit around seems like he was sneaking in to steal a look of his stunning wife. Desdemona on the other hand, looks so peaceful, almost illuminating in conscionable a faint light of a flickering candle. Although the painting pretty much illustrated the scene from the play, it was still lacking of life and dimension. In a terce person point of view, it would not be as effective in delivering the message unless the person really knows the story. Therefore, while I consider myself as a visual person, I still much prefer the written form of this particular scene.It is more dramatic and touching to be able to create a scene with your own imagination. A major factor for this choice is that I have always loved reading because it can really take me on a journey where I can be in control. Also, I can have my own interpretation of different chapters in a harbour or novel whereas in watching a movie to looking at a photograph or painting, you can only interpret up to the limit of what the artist or director. Written literary works can give you limitless possibilities, and that is the challenge I treasure in reading.

Religious Persecution

Religious Persecution Religious persecution is a complex situation in the world. Many countries have this situation. In the kingdom of Whitia, a large group of Whitians is being persecuted for its unearthly beliefs by a larger religious group. They are not allowed to worship or display their religious beliefs in any way. Theyre being stoned and imprisoned, and their religious leader has been burned at the stake. It is not easy to solve this problem by its ingest government.The United States should irritate involved in this situation. The United States could get involved in this situation by several ways, such as giving fodder and medicine to the Whitians who are being persecuted, and chattering to Whitian government. People in Whitia who are being persecuted need food and medicine. But they cant get those things from their profess government because the larger religious group controls the government.The larger religious group regards them as enemies because of their different religious beliefs, so they wont give anything to them. A lot of Whitians die by hunger and disease. This situation aggravates theconflict betwixt the two different religious groups. With the United States help, food and medicine will notwithstanding a lot of peoples life. Intervention Action is good for reducing the conflict between the two groups. The United States can also talk to the Whitian government about the importance of peoples life and freedom.It could make the government realize that everyone should be able to choose their beliefs, and they shouldstopthe violencebetween the two different religious groups. The Unites States has already helped a lot of countries, such as Jordan, Sudan and Egypt. The help is helpful to solve the religious persecution and have saved a lot of peoples life in those countries. Assistance will be effective in Whitia, too. One of my friends, Gavin, has different opinion. He thinks that the UnitedStates should not get involved in this situation b ecause of its huge financial cost. What I want to say is that it will actually cost a lot of money to secure the food and medicine, but it is truly worth because the money is to save peoples life. Money is made by people. The value of moneycannot becomparedwith thelife. So the United States should get involved in this situation no matter how much money it will cost. Religious persecution in Whitia is a problem which is not easy to solve, and the United States should get involved to help Whitians solve it.

Do Large Business Have an Affect on Small Business Essay

Considering the normative conjure upment that both with child(p) and tenuous line of credites should mention the uniform respectable and moral standards, this paper analyzes the perceptions of someones based on the relative ethical look of elfin melodic line as compared to epic occupation. The study of ethical motive focuses on the protestences between what is right and what is wrong in society which affects both pure contrast and large business collect to their obligation to the public and their stakeholders. some(prenominal) entities are guided by the same standards and both are expected to meet all legal regulations and ethical standards.The analysis employs play alongs to gauge the publics perceptions of the ethical decision making by watchfulness in both teeny-weeny business and large business. The discipline also analyzes the role of those ethical decisions inside scenarios and their impact on the individuals patron behavior in delicate business as comp ared to large business. Statistical analysis has been utilized to test the authors overall surmisal that the public is generally less invadeed about ethical decision making of down in the mouth business relative to large business. The implications of these findings for both large and subaltern businesses are provided with the analysis and suggestions to correct the disparity between both entities.IntroductionDuring the past decades it has been evident that ethics has become the hot topic in business. However, a good deal of the talk is not comprised of all types of business it involves primarily the large corporations. Large corporations such as Enron have caused much grief to those around them and everyone that they employed. Due to this causal agency regulations such as the Sarbanes- Oxley Act have been enforced to hold large businesses accountable. While these regulations have focused solely on large corporations, efforts to regulate piddling businesses have been small. I t is estimated that small businesses make up over 80% of all business in the United States of America. That is a huge sector which is unregulated due to its size of it. While the adverse actions of from each one entity do not do gr wipe out harm to the economy the cumulative damage of all components of the group could have scourge impacts on the general economy.Literature ReviewBusinesses today are completely different than the businesses of years past. Today, business ethics has become an area of great concern in both corporate culture and academia. Companies such as WorldCom and Enron have caused people to reevaluate philosophy and business. Ethics can be delimitate by the morals that people and companies hold. Although internal and external forces influence businesses, there are three issues that affect issues in business. These three issues are systematic, corporate, and individual.To truly understand each factor one has to understand how each of these issues differs and how they influence the business itself. Systematic issues analyze ethical values in economic, political, legal, and other social systems in which the business operates (Velasquez, 2006). An example of this would be a question of morality about the current laws pertaining to accounting systems. Laws influence the actions of people because they stem through consequences with the local or federal official government. People tend to be scared of a higher authority more than self punishment. 2010 Small Business found National Conference legal proceeding Vol. 34, No.1 Winter 2010 293The second factor is corporate issues which are issues of morality of internal activities such as policies, practices, and organizational structure (Velasquez, 2006). corporeal issues are based on corporate cultures. If a company treasures capital gains more than human capital the company would then lay off employees to save money. On the other hand, a company that treasures its employees is more likely to ta ke a cut and keep their employees. To say that one company is more ethical because of their decision lays in a companys moral standards. The idea of moral standards stems from the third type of issue which is the individual issues. Individual issues are issues that are based on individuals in spite of appearance a company along with their behaviors and decisions (Velasquez, 2006).This includes the moral standards of individuals. Moral standards are standards that are set by the individuals themselves and by no other governing body. Hence, each individual has a right to stand for what they believe in. It may be simple to take these three factors and state that this is common sense information however, it is incisively as complicated to say that there can be one rule that can retain to every situation that is similar. In shimmys where individual morals differ from those of corporate or systematic, it is clean to assume that one would no longer pay attention to their place of busi ness or the entity that is different. However, humans are given to being victims of society and need to supply for their family. Knowing that something unethical is occurring at a place of business does not mean that the person go out just walk away whether they have worked in small or large firms.Decisions of a business affect all tiers of the organizational structure which in handle affect the lives of all stakeholders of the company. Therefore, ethical standards have risen due to the current corruption in many large businesses. News reports of Nike and Merck have grabbed the attention for case studies and have become the top selling stories. The news ran the stories that exposed the fragile nature of the corporate worked to their affect on the countrys economy. Due to the planetary impact of large corporations the publics eye is primarily on large businesses however, ethical issues arise in small businesses as well.Lisa Miller states that small businesses were overlooked when Wall Streets mega-scams and scandal came to light (Miller, 2003). For people that analyze and teach ethics business ethics have almost incessantly concerned the doing, indeed generally the misdoings, of large companies (Quinn, 1997). Quinn noted that in the late 20th century there has been an increase in the economic activity of small businesses (Quinn, 1997). He states that not only do the managers have to be observed so do the employees. The employees have want approval of their peers which is also accepted by the manager/owner (Quinn, 1997).In large businesses it seems easier to separate you personal ethics from businesses ethics. In small businesses the relationship with ones coworkers becomes a sub-family relationship making it that much harder to make ethical decision. The overall factors that influence business ethics derive from personal ethics and how those ethics affect others. Miller points out that it is an boldness that small businesses do not need a code of ethics h owever, they have a bigger temptation to b involved in dubitable business practices (Miller, 2003). 2010 Small Business Institute National Conference Proceedings Vol. 34, No.1 Winter 2010 294In Mark Schwartz essay A Code of Ethics for Corporate Code of Ethics, Schwartz finds that over ninety percent of large corporations have a code of ethics (Schwartz, 2002). He concluded that there a six universal joint moral standards in four different sources. The moral standards that he looked at included trustworthiness, respect, responsibility, fairness, caring, and citizenship (Schwartz, 2002). Due to these criteria Schwartz states that a code of ethics should be constructed on factors that could be audited. His study provides a normative foundation for evaluating a corporations code of ethics.In a 1981 an article by brownish and male monarch analyze the influences and perceptions of small business ethics. In their foundational work Brown and King realized the disparity in public awaren ess between small business ethics and large business ethics. Brown and King surveyed a small group of individuals consisting of small business respondents and other respondents who were mostly employed by large corporations. Brown and Kings research sought to answer three questions. First, the research asked How high are the ethics of small business people perceived to be? Second, Compared to others, what causes the behavior of people in small business to be more or less ethical? Finally, What are the prevailing small business attitudes concerning ethical issues? (Brown and King, 1981).Brown and King found that there was a surprisingly small difference in the responses between the two subgroups of respondents. The research conducted by Brown and King examined the perspectives of those in the various sized business. The research left a gap in the general publics perceptions of the ethical actions between large and small business. The Center for Business Ethics surveyed Fortune 1000 industrial and service companies to see how they have instilled their ethical values to compare their results from the study they performed in the mid(prenominal) 1980s. Their survey showed some progress but, not enough (Center for Business Ethics, 1992). Ethical standards fall in line with legal regulations. Sandra Malach, et al. believe that incorporating legal planning into business planning to avoid legal issues and to protect the businesses most important assets (Malach, Sandra et al, 2006). While legal action is important it is important to focus on consequences in a workplace outside of the any punishments.To further analyze ethical dilemmas it is important to observe the consequences at a workplace. One consequence that business can apply is a correct tolerance policy in a workplace. This ethical dilemma is especially interesting when applied in a small business setting, and contrasted with techniques applied in large corporations. The ethical compass of the theory for the zero tolerance policy is Kants monotonous instant. Kants Categorical instant is defined by the rule that people should Act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, always at the same time as an end and never merely as a means to an end (Stanford, n.d.).Kants Categorical Imperative is a very re austereive rule to live by and cannot practically be applied to everyday life. However, when discussing ethical dilemmas in the workplace, the Categorical Imperative should not be overlooked. The Zero Tolerance Policy embodies the Categorical Imperative in the sense that everyone must ask himself/herself whether they would be willing to have the same behavior applied to them if the roles were reversed. In the business setting the Categorical Imperative has a special value it helps mitigate moral hazard.2010 Small Business Institute National Conference Proceedings Vol. 34, No.1 Winter 2010 295Moral hazard was once described as a situat ion in which a party is insulated from the consequences of its actions gum olibanum protected, it has no incentive to behave differently (Ahrens,2008). In the business setting, moral hazard can be devastating to the culture of the company and can eat away at the profit margin.Consider an employee who is discovered to be moonlighting or working an untaxed second job during hours in which the employee should be giving skillful attention to their actual job. This behavior may seem harmless and may only warrant a verbal warning, but when the other employees discover how easy it is to get by with unethical behavior they are incentivized to act unethically. This slippery slope scenario results only in the necessary termination of the unethical employee. When an employer establishes that unethical behavior will not be tolerated the result is the strengthening of the corporate culture and the avoidance moral hazard. However, this scenario might work differently in a small business.In a sma ll business the cost of a zero tolerance policy can be devastating. The costs associated with replacing an employee in a large corporation is easily spread across the entire entity as a fixed cost of doing business this is not the case in the small business. The employer-employee relationship in the small business, by nature, is more flexible and more personal. This flexibility can allow for a more informal agreement, between management and employees, to be made. Finding a win-win solution allows for Kants Categorical Imperative to be upheld and moral hazard can be avoided.In a large publically traded company this kind of arrangement cannot be made because not all of those who are residual claimants (owners) can be spoken for. In the large publically owned company the zero tolerance policy should be followed, but in a small privately owned company a modified zero tolerance policy can be applied.Kants Categorical Imperative can be a useful tool when intention corporate policy in pub lically traded companies. The zero tolerance policy should be applied in publically traded companies. In addition, Kants Categorical Imperative should still be applied to design a modified zero tolerance policy in small private companies.To solve the issue of what the zero tolerance policy entails, the company needs to implement a code of ethics in their organization. Eberhard Schnebel and Margo A. Bienert state that a code of ethics strengthens an organizations success thence improving the overall value of the company (Schnebel & Bienrt, 2004). The value that is added is the publics perception that the business is there to benefit the community.L. Spence studied a similar phenomenon as this essay explores. In a 1999 study L. Spence found that there is a lack of information on any correlation between small businesses and their ethical standards. The reason for this is because small firms receive little attention by the media which makes them a quick oversight (Spence, 1999). Four y ears later L. Spence wrote an editorial with R. Rutherfoord to explore the sociological perspective in the field of ethics (Spence & Rutherfoord, 2003). Due to these two studies we have been motivated to explore the issue further and gain insight on wherefore there is a lack of information on the issue. 2010 Small Business Institute National Conference Proceedings Vol. 34, No.1 Winter 2010 296HypothesesAs discussed earlier, the objective of this fell study was to examine the differences in respondents perceptions of ethical dilemmas and ethical standards in small business as compared to large business. In order to facilitate the primary research objective the following working hypotheses were formedH1 The size of the business will have no impact on consumers shopping decisions when ethical dilemmas are present.H2 The size of the business will have no impact on the actions of employees when ethical dilemmas are present.H3 The size of the business will have no impact on the respond ents perception of the incentives associated with acting ethically. H4 In general, respondents believe that small businesses should be held to the same ethical standards as large corporations.These hypotheses are based on the supposition that individuals will be more lenient or forgiving of the shortcomings of small businesses relative to their large counterparts.MethodologyThe study was initiated with the creation of a preliminary (alpha) survey. The alpha survey resulted in fourteen respondents and was conducted by means of convenience sampling. The alpha survey was a paper based survey consisting of thirteen questions. The survey included demographic questions as well as analysis questions. There were mixed results on the alpha survey mostly due to the confusing survey design associated with strict time constraints. While the alpha survey did not provide sufficient data, it was useful as a tool in the creation of a lower-ranking (beta) survey.The beta survey instrument consisted of two separate surveys. One survey was specific to small business while the other was specific to large business. The surveys were created and distributed electronically using Survey Monkey. The goal for the beta survey was a total of 100 respondents for each survey resulting in an overall total of 200 respondents. The small business survey yielded 105 useable returns, a 94.6 percent return rate. The large business survey yielded 107 useable returns, an 84.3 percent return rate. Each survey included five common demographic questions, two common questions pertaining to ethics, and eight questions relating specifically to either small business or large business.The survey was distributed in the main across various social networking sites and throughout the Christopher Newport University community. Due to time and budgetary constraints the beta survey consisted mostly of luck sampling and snowball sampling. The authors recognize the drawback of an opportunity sample however, the res earch question in this pilot study can be adequately answered using this technique.The analysis questions on both the small business and large business surveys consisted entirely of binomial data. The respondents were limited to either Yes or No or I agree or I disagree. For the purpose of interrogatory the hypotheses (H1, H2, and H3) statistical analysis will be used to measure the difference between the proportions of the two samples. For the final hypothesis (H4) the analysis will simply state the overall proportion of respondents in both surveys who answered favorably and interpret the results. Hypotheses H1, H2, and H3 will be tested at =.10, =.05, and =.01 levels of significance.

Brand Consciousness Among Teenagers Essay

Mass media is media which is intended for a grand audience. It may event the form of broadcast media, as in the case of television and radio, or print media, like newspapers and magazines. meshwork media can likewise attain mass media status, and many mass media outlets maintain a web aim to take value of the ready availability of Internet in many regions of the world. Some people also refer to the mass media as the mainstream media, referencing the fact that it tends to stick to prominent stories which will be of interest to a general audience, sometimes ignoring controversial breaking news.Many people around the world rely on the mass media for news and entertainment, and globally, mass media is a huge industry. Usually, mass media aims to reach a very large market, such as the entire population of a country. By contrast, local media covers a much little population and area, focusing on regional news of interest, while specialty media is provided for particular demographic g roups. The advantage of running operation in mass media is that mavin can set up a plan of medium to disseminate favorable message.The advantage of attacking mass media is that one can build up his/her reputation for being less biased and more objective. The advantage of co-operating with mass media is that one can alleviation the worries of being black mouthed by media organizations. The advantage of buying corporate engaged in mass media is that one can get a big asset for negotiation with political parties and the government. Disadvantages of mass media Well I believe it comes down to the parents or guardians to begin with.Of course younger generations shouldnt be watching as much TV if at all. Most of the primetime shows and stations are becoming more and more still on what not to show. Having younger children subjected to nudity, cursing, sexual immorality, drinking and other negative adult oriented genuine is of course unsuitable, heck even unsuitable for adults at times. If the parents let their children watch inappropriate shows on TV Im sure studies have shown the likelihood of these children being involved in such problems later on in life.

Consultancy Report Essay

As a subsidiary of one of the largest cosmetics formations in the world, you are in a position to dramatic altogethery append your potential and further capitalize on your cross outs recognition. My believe is that you pass on establish and maintain a broader, more diverse customer base and make up your boilersuit profitability.Based on an in-depth analysis and research conducted on your constitutions behalf, I have identified several arguable areas in need of immediate attention. The following document pull up stakes deal to fork over valuable culture to organise these bangs accordingly. One such issue and perhaps one of the most crucial is that of the organizations brand awareness levels in the United Kingdom.This is due in part to the occurrence that bloody shame Kay U.K. is not as widely recognized in the United Kingdom as it is in the Americas. I urge increasing your presence to reach potential customers who would other advisable be unaware of your organization . We will seek to address the significant growth of new potential competitors while engendering a means of competing efficaciously against already established competitors.You will learn of new methods in which to remain relevant and a viable world-wide contender in the cosmetics industry. New products will serve to provide your organization with a competitive adjoin and differentiate your organization from all its competitors. New policies and changes in the organizations infrastructure will increase employee satisfaction an important factor for employee retention.These enhancements to the organizations current dealings can ultimately increase profitability, improve customer satisfaction levels, and increase employee productivity. As Mary Kay U.K. adopts these changes and once in effect, there will be a need to take on additional employees to tend to the day-to-day operations and ancillary qualified/experienced executive-level professionals, allowing for a more focused approac h on the management aspects of the organization. Effective corroboration of the organizations financials will allow for more educated and informed decision-making procedures.Adequate fiscal records serve as effective management tool for predicting future success, identify problem areas and to make decisions that will dish in the organizations overall effectiveness. In addition to significantly changing the inner industrial plant of the organization in the United Kingdom, substantial changes to the organizations image and frontend interfaces may be required to dish up with the issue of brand awareness.The organization moldiness become a well-oiled machine internally as well as an aesthetically pleasing entity for potential customers, future investors and for those considering strategic disdain alliances. Creating a more convivial automatic teller machine with which your organization would then be associated will give these interested parties a respectable first impression.It is patent that lacking presentation and unfocused management gives rise to the decrease or stagnation of profitability and employee retention. Changes to policy, organizational image, and infrastructure will not only prove in effect(p) but may in fact be necessary for the success of the organization and its future viability within the United Kingdom. In addition, there must be changes in customer behavior to increase the probability of the organizations adoption.The organization postulate to appeal to a broader customer base after shifting consumer views of cosmetics to match that of American consumers. Thus, by implementing novel, eye-catching, and tonus invoking imagery or advertisements, people will in turn be more inclined to acquire Mary Kay products. In order to be more successful, I recommend the transformation of current marketing strategies.Implementation of a marketing plan that encompasses the arguably successful word-of-mouth strategy in addition to overt and persi stent adverts by way of social media will benefit the organizations image. Because a constant stream of information pertaining to the actual products will allow the consumer to easily recall the information and develop a need for the product as presented by the advertisement. In addition, there must be a vested interest in appealing to the variety of potential consumers within the United Kingdom.Mary Kay U.K. would be wise to capitalize on United Kingdoms ever-growing and diverse population, via the translation and representation of the multitude of languages verbalise within the target areas of operation. This will allow for a more comfortable customer experience and personalized identification with the Mary Kay brand. Brand Awareness is at an all-time low as target populations rifle to recognize the Mary Kay Brand.The organization must increase its visibility in the growing cosmetics market in the United Kingdom. This is possible with improved advertising and re-imagined brand association. Increased brand recognition will assist with declining profits.The proposals presented in this consultancy melodic theme, should Mary Kay U.K. opt to adopt them will serve to promote the organizations business aptitude and increase overall profitability and effectiveness. My hope is that this educated and informed counsel will effectively navigate the organization into a state of increased viability and the optimization and growth of Mary Kay U.K. business operations and clientele. INTRODUCTIONThis consultancy report will serve to provide the Mary Kay U.K. Ltd. Subsidiary of Mary Kay Cosmetics with informed suggestions to increase the organizations revenues and improving the day-to-day dealings of the organization from a management perspective. Following enormous research of the organizations operations, I have prepared a comprehensive examination of the organization in its entirety.This research has been comprised of a thorough analysis of the organizations fiscal an d promotion facets. This report also takes into account the consumer aspect of the organization, and the organizations image as viewed by the public. In addition, it will serve to demonstrate the manner in which the target audience does or fails to accept this image. Crucial organizational issues have been identified and addressed accordingly, supplemented with recommendations for minimizing or eliminating potentially negative effects.These suggestions may prove insightful for the exploit of further profitability and consumer satisfaction should the organization choose to implement any or all of the changes proposed in this report. The information provided in this report comes via thorough research and analytical dismantling of data and industry trends and its reassembling in the form of a well-formulated business plan.Suggestions provided will seek to address Mary Kay U.K.s organizational structure, the organizations inclination to incorporate a corporate social responsibility ele ment, consumer satisfaction, employee turn-over rates, decreasing or non-existent profits, brand recognition and awareness among target consumers and product quality, to name the most imperative of organizations issues.In all, if implemented, these changes could ensure a significant turnaround for the Mary Kay U.K. entity. Numbers will rise to the status of or potentially rival those of its American contemporary. The organization would hold a strong position before its world(prenominal) competitors and open the door for future business strategic affiliations.The organizational redesign will prove beneficial for Mary Kays United Kingdom division as an organization, for the consumers now receiving increased quality services, and for the aim of the cosmetics industry in the United Kingdom. ANALYSIS OF CLIENT BUSINESSCompany Description and HistoryMary Kay Inc. is one of the largest cosmetics companies in the world to date. Headquartered in Addison, Texas at 16251 Dallas Parkway Addis on, TX 75001 in the United States, it has manufacturing plants located in Dallas, Texas, Hangzhou, China and La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland for its European market. Mary Kay Inc. operates as a subsidiary of Mary Kay Holding Corporation.Founded by Mary Kay Ash in 1963 and based on personally established values that guided her common life she sought to help women live the life of their dreams. Company values include integrity, honesty and a belief in the Golden Rule Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.The mission, to assist and provide the vehicle that would allow prospective independent beauty consultants to have their respective dreams come true via the distribution, promotion, and sell of a handful of products. Mary Kay Inc. identifies itself as a Generation Everything organization, meaning it serves everyone from all walks of life and of all ages.The organization recently posted that its revenues are up to 3 billion due to gross revenue in its 35 + markets globally . All made possible by its 25 million global independent sales force.

Democratic Convention

Several dozens of years ago principles of parties were an important part of American political intent. Although present their role is a bit decreased, still the electors watch results of Conventions with great interest. antiauthoritarian Convention of this year gave possibility to joke Kerry to introduce him to that part of American electorate, which doesnt know him well. Still, the electorate knows quite well who is George Bush as he was the President for 4 years.So, republican Convention will not add much information to those opinions around Bush, which are already exist, although his speech is prominent, as usual and in some extent, shows him from a bit in the buff point of view.We can see some changes in Conventions as well last time without delay at Conventions who scenes competed for nomination from Party Jerald Ford and Ronald Reagan (it took place in 1976 and we are speaking about Republicans), plainly if approval of candidate changed into clear formality, can the A merican political scientists continue to examine Convention as a key raset of party political struggle?I think, to some extent it is correct, even if we take into account that candidate is usually determined to the beginning of Convention, and we are not expecting any surprises. It became a part of election campaign, but it is very important part of it.The Convention is a kind of delight sight which gives an opportunity to candidate to present his speech, where he will give idea of himself and his program, and then it results his rating. Actually, Republican Convention is an answer to Democratic Convention, which took place in Boston from July 26 to July 29.It is quite difficult part while George Bush can refer to his statement of service, John Kerry can refer moreover to his promises. still from the other side, if Bushs statement of services can be interpreted not only to his favor, and many of electors treat it exactly to his disfavor, we have the struggle between reality an d promises.More then 35 mebibyte of people took part in Democratic Convention. During Convention they informed American society about life of John Kerry and John Edwards, about their great services to American society in the struggle for interests of lower-middle-class and about their plans to build stronger and more independent America.Stephanie Tubbs-Jones told about plans to create new working places and economics, which will be more stable in interests of middle-classes. Tammy Baldwin presented program of cheaper and more affordable health-care system. Bob Menendez explained main points of Democratic program in the field of foreign policy.The most important event was final speech of candidate to President John Kerry, directly before procedure of official closure of Convention. The present structure of Convention was the most multi-national during the whole history of Party according to information of Democratic National Convention commission (DNCC). More then 40% of participa nts consisted of national minorities of the USA. More then 10 thousand of people registered as volunteers in order to help the party during Convention.Historically, Republicans had more strong positions at more rich and change north of America, and Democrats at more poor village south. But during the last 50 years their positions changed Democrats leave out at the North of America and Republicans at the South.Democrats lay special stress on expansion of political role, and Republicans lay stress on decreasing of governmental role, taxes, etc. Another point of differences is program of so-called affirmative actions. Democrats support giving advantages to race and other minorities when receiving job or education this was the reason that black gave their votes in their favor.Democrats consider themselves supporters and defenders of interests of working class and people with low income. Republicans present interests rather of business and sloshed citizens. Their party also incl udes Christian conservators.

Competition Is Healthy.

disceptation Good or Bad? Competition is something that everyone has experienced in his or her life it is human nature. In school, students compete with classmates to finish first or to make give out grades. In a workplace, colleagues compete to receive promotions and raises. In the business world, companies compete to create the top products. Competition is a part of everyday life, and it is respectable. It helps concourse to improve, it leads to amend products and results, and it promotes growth. Competition helps people to improve.For someone to win, someone else has to lose. If a person views loss with a positive attitude, they can use that as a way to agree from their mistakes and try harder. By taking the competition out of it, it will take away a author for a person to improve. Communism is a real example of what happens when society erases competition. Communist countries treat their people equally, and there are no social classes. The State owns everything the people own nothing except for the vestments on their back. This results in people being less goal oriented.Why work hard for something when in the end, they will earn nothing? Competition leads to better products and results. Competition between companies often leads to much options, lower prices, and better quality of products. It is good in the marketplace not only for businesses, but consumers as well. It benefits businesses by drive companies to be more creative and to make improvements. It benefits customers by keeping the prices low and the quality of the products high. Apple and mechanical man are examples of two competing companies.Both sell phones, tablets, and other electronic devices. They are constantly trying to better their products in creative and new ways in order to sell them. As a result, consumers have more options to choose from. Competition promotes growth. Without competition and rivals, I would not have taken the chances or learned the lessons that I have. One of my favorite quotes comes from Vince Lombardi, a former football player and coach for the Green Bay Packers. He said, Winning isnt everything, but wanting to is. This quote drove me to better myself in school.Before, I was slapdash about my grades and I waited until the last minute to do everything, but after applying that quote to my life, I am more conscientious about my grades and college. The satisfaction of getting a higher grade on a test than someone else definitely prompts me to keep working as hard as I perhaps can. Many people believe that competition is bad because it leads to a focus on winning at all costs. They also believe that competition lowers self-esteem because someone has to lose. In some cases, this may be true.However, competition must be kept in perspective. It cannot get carried away with the idea of needing to win. Competition is healthy and can produce excellence, even when a person loses, but it must be kept down the stairs control. Competition helps people to better themselves, leads to better products and results, and promotes growth. Competition is a force that drives people to succeed. Without it, it would be harder to motivate people. When kept in perspective, competition is an amazing way to achieve goals, and it can bring out the strongest in a person.

Progressive Discipline

When we place progressive discipline it is about the mental and moral trainingor the order/instruction in class or geological formation.In shaping concerned with identifies and getting the right king of a situation and behavior from throng as individuals and groups. Organizations and spend a pennyrelationship will potpourri significantly in the future. around of the time, though people ofan organization must determine for themselves what is right and slander. In thedetermination of what is right and wrong which moral judgment is all about. Thejudgment form a development sequence which are prudence, authority, equality andequity. To displayed in abstracting moral principles from specific regulation orconcrete situations. It includes for dealing with conflict of interest, confidentiality oforganization instruction misappropriation of corporate assets, insiders, contracts,privacy, etc. It might spell out penalties for violation of the guidelines.Penalties caninclude such(pren ominal) doings as termination, suspension, probation, demotion and oralreprimand. Although not every organization puts its order or policy into writing, it isusually well(predicate) to do so. The need for written policy is urgent.For the achievement and success of Progressive discipline in the organizationis the development of character, behavior and attitude (moral values). It includes thesense of duty, willpower, loyalty, responsibility, perseverance and positive attitudes.In responsibility the fulfillment of obligations to the society that contact theorganization. The organizations obligation is to promote the common or social goal.Responsible projects is beneficial to the organization (enlightened self-interest orutilitarianism). It reap benefits for everyone including the organization itself. (Loyaltywill be generated) Other duty approach cosmos moral obligation of organization likecaring for and meeting the needs of others concern. Meaningful organization program linein a reas can be attain only through effort and perseverance.For example the corporations commitment to customers, employees,shareholders and to the corporation. Commitment to customers begins with a stateobligation to provide quality products, service innovation technologicalresponsiveness and customers satisfaction.The commitment to employees providesthe environment for professional growth while encouraging individual creativity andresponsibility. To the communities be served to strive to improve the quality of lifethrough intimacy in community services. This commitment promises mental imageryutilization and the observance of laws and regulations.The basic unit of human behavior in the workplace is the individual. Whensomeone goes to work for an organization, an agreement occurs ( to provide certainknowledge, skills, energy & abilities in return for salaries, wages, benefits and otherrewards). As a moment of this exchange, both the people and organizational needs aremet. The needs of individuals and the methods used by organizations may changesome through the years, but the same general contracts continues.The degree of initiative of people show toward the acquirement of theirorganizations goal is another factor that upliftms influenced. Initiative can be thoughtof as action taken without being urged to do so. In the ideal organizational setting, thepeople act responsibly without prompting, in pursuing organizational goals andstandards.The realities of life in an organization quickly learn and develop that consistsof values, norms and attitudes of the people who make up the organization. Severalcharacteristics including structure, support, performance, conflict, risk, attitudetoward change, focus, standards and values, concern, openness, commitment,teamwork and others.The organizations goals are established and reviewed through theparticipation of all individuals and groups in the organization. The group behaviorstandards or norms to which members are expec ted. The initial efforts of actionplanning and action implementation concentrate on changing personal attitudes andhabits of organization al members. Such changes affect the habits and attitudes ofgroup of people. As the groups are developed and integrated, organizational membersbecome more capable of dealing with structural, technical and in operation(p) problems.It may work with groups rather than with individuals.Therefore, the development of the mind , the behavior and search for the truthpeople as thinking and discipline can inspire to wisdom by improving not only the representation they think and act but also the quality their ideas and behavior. Break away fromthe chains of ignorance, greed or apathy. All ideas are open to challenge. In the futureas change continues to occur we expect to see organizations respond. Department andagencies within an organization maybe initiated to be social beneficial.

Case Study Project . SEE DETAILED INSTRUCTION BELLOW Essay

Case Study Project . SEE DETAILED INSTRUCTION BELLOW - Essay manikinconflict, as well as multiple contri only whening factors are explored, and secondly, the study addresses issues of timeliness, adequacy and effectiveness of the planetary reaction. The logic behind this structure of the research is as follows while the former could produce sound sense of both the duration of the conflict and the extent of the atrocities perpetrated by all belligerent parties, hence the scale of the disaster, the latter(prenominal) the evaluation of the international response inter alia might help explain the relative failure of the addition efforts, as demonstrated by the current situation in the region (IRIN, 2014).The crisis in the Darfur which literally fashion land of the Fur region of Sudan could be said to have begun in October 2002 when the Janjaweed militia, trained and equipped by the Sudanese army, carried out violent attacks on the local people from camps in Jabal Kargu, Boni, an d Idalghanam in southern Darfur (Collins, 2005 156 de Waal, 2005 129). macrocosm characterised by extreme cruelty, involving killings, mutilations, rapes, and abductions, those raids also bore indubitable signs of ethnic cleansing not only the Fur, Massalit, and Zaghawa were targeted, but also the fields, wells, irrigation works, schools, clinics and other infrastructure was methodically destroyed in order to drive the local existence from their holdings (Collins, 2005 156).In the early 2003, the Sudan Liberation Army (SLA/M) and the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM), who are believed to have themselves attacked civilians in Darfur, started attacking the government forces in response to raids mounted by the government-backed militias (Bellamy, 2005 31 Collins, 2005 156 BBC News, 2010).The killings and displacement escalated during the summer and downfall of 2003, while the Sudanese army defeated the SLA north of Kutum in late August in family line 2003, the Chadian government mediated a ceasefire between the belligerent sides, which

Training and Development on the Rural Areas Electricity Company Essay

Training and Development on the boorish Areas Electricity Company - Essay Example..SignDate.. Declaration by the Principal yell..Sign.Date DEDICATION This research project is dedicated to the creator, the almighty Jehovah god who gave me the gift of knowledge, courage, perseverance and bang-up health throughout the period I have worked on this program. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First is to thank God for giving me wisdom and courage of taking me through the entire process of developing the research project, for His lenity and guidance through my academic life. I want to acknowledge the patience and the steady advice and support of my supervisor. I would also like to offer individual thanks to my family and friends. ABSTRACT country-style Areas Electricity Company (RAECO) is an electricity company tasked with generating, transmitting, distributing, supplying electricity and desalination activities in Oman. The vision of Rural Areas Electricity Company involves providing bell effective el ectric power to all the remote areas in Oman. The missions of this company include supply of real electricity and potable water to customers at the lowest costs, provision of employment opportunities to Oman citizens and maintenance of environmental saving standards in its operations. To this effect, the judicial bringing up institute which has the mandate to promote effective nurture of judges, magistrates and judicial staff, has everyplace the years conducted and continue to provide training to judges, magistrates and judicial staff to build their capacity to perform their functions effectively. To take on the vision and mission statements, Rural Areas Electricity Company has an obligation to endorse effective training and schooling of its employees. Over the years, RAECO has carried out training and development programs of its employees of all layers. Despite the huge investing in training and development programs, challenges still there as shown by the constant electrici ty black outs, the delays in responding to customer requests and the constant need for upgrading the skills of the employees. This research study seeks to establish the impact on investing in employee training and development. The researcher used primary and secondary sources for the purposed of this researcher. The research findings showed that the training and development carried out by Rural Areas Electricity Company were insufficiently frequent. The research project further recommended that the details of training programs and the approach of rescue to be considered before undertaking a training and development program. Employee training and development offered by Rural Areas Electricity Company should lead to a deeper understanding of the objectives and goals of the employees and the frequency of external training programs should be increase to enhance employee performance at work for Rural Areas Electricity Company. DECLARATION ii DEDICATION tierce ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv ABSTRAC T v LIST OF TABLES ix mesa 1 covering resolution rate 44 x Table 2 46 x showing Gender 46 x Table 3 showing experience in the plaque 48 x Table 4 showing Knowledge of Training and Development 50 x Table 5 showing whether training program fulfils employee needs 51 x Table 6 indicating the effect of work efforts on work performance 53 x Table 7 showing response on whether the organization supported employee rights 55 x Table 8 showing response

Capital Punishment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

jacket Punishment - Research Paper ExampleAccording to recent statistics only 58 countries actively utilize bang-up punishment, while 96 countries chip in abolished it. This goes on to show the changing panaches in the global bailiwick where countries have opted to treat their prisoners in a more civilized manner instead of using beastly ways of executing them. Capital punishment is a topic of active controversy and debate in various countries, and positions vary drastically within a single political ideology, cultural region, religion and organization entities. EU member states are prohibited the use of capital punishment as stated in their Charter of Fundamental Rights. Amnesty International considers most countries abolitionist now since United Nations has taken stairs to eradicate Capital Punishment. Nevertheless, it is interesting to know that more than 60% of the worlds population before long lives in countries where final stage penalty is used on a regular basis as a means of punishment for serious offenders. These countries include China, India, US and Indonesia, which are also the four most inhabited countries in the world. The most common way of performing capital punishment in the US is by lethal shooter. Hanging, gas chamber and electric chair have become less popular as they are regarded more painful for the victim. More historical ways of executing include breaking wheel, fall slicing in China, firing squad and beheading. A very prominent way to punish mass in France during the 18th century was beheading them. A special purpose guillotine was made in which the decapitation was made fast and easy. Thousands were beheaded in front of public gatherings to give everybody a lesson to never forget. In 2010, there were a total of 46 executions in the US, 44 by lethal injection and one each by electric chair and firing squad. Latest polls by The Gallup nerve show that 61% of Americans favored Capital Punishment in cases of murder while 35% conflicting it. The opponents of death penalty opt for life in prison without parole as a rectify and more humane option than taking away the life of a human being. The Supreme judicature of US essentially nullified the death penalty in 1972 and ordered the conversion of the death sentences of hundreds of death row inmates to life in prison. Nevertheless, a future ruling by Supreme Court in 1976 declared capital punishment to be a part of Constitution and therefore allowed states to reinstate it down the stairs certain circumstances. (Times, 2011) Hence, from 1976 to 2009 there have been roughly 1,160 executions in the US. China tops the list of most executions in one year, with nearly 1,700 executions in 2008 alone while Iran and Saudi Arabia followed by 346 and 102 executions each. United States is ranked quaternate in 2008 with an estimated 37 executions. This number varies from year to year within the same range but opponents of capital punishment struggle to abolish executi on from the legal proceedings of the courts verdict. This decreasing trend in the execution by lethal injection can be attributed to one prominent work out that is the shortage of one of the three drugs that is used in most lethal injections. This national shortage approve by reluctant European manufacturers has created a sense of disarray among several prison authorities who have run out of doses to carry out their pending executions. This has resulted in several delays as international groups and communities hold open to persuade US government to completely abolish capital punishment

Use of new technologies by traditional businesses-Information Essay

Use of new technologies by traditional businesses-Information engine room management - analyse ExampleThe state of competition requires that the business use well-nigh of the most inexpensive business tools technology available in the market and in the meshwork world. Some of these technologies argon even costless. Many of them are inexpensive and stand be afforded by small businesses.What are some of the most modern internet communication technology and services that can be annoyed by a small business firm, curiously that one that is engaged in pedal sales and repair business? In short, what are some of the technological tools available for a motorcycle sales and repair business? How can one access the technology? How much would the technological tools costs? What are the applications for the business? These are the key concerns of this short report.We counsel on five tools that can be used by small firms engaged in motorcycle sales and repairs businesses the hearty networ king sites, website, softwares for motorcycle diagnostics, Iphone, and the iPads.Description. Social networking sites are sites from which one can reach thousands of people on a daily basis. The social networking sites are many. One of the groups monitoring the social networking sites, the Selfgrowth.com, reported that the top social networking sites are Facebook with 500 million members, MySpace with 130 million members, and Friendster with 90 million members. Self-growth.com mentioned that cheep is a fast-growing(prenominal) networking site that managed to grow so fast in a matter of a few months. Twitter allows one to send messages of more than 140 characters through SMS but current improvements in Facebook allows the user to diversity status or messages via SMS on a 24-hours/7-days-a-week basis.Cost. The additional cost of using the social networking sites are a lot costless. Businesses usually have a computer and usually have access to the internet. A business can allocate one or two hours for social networking and it is feasible to pay the person executing

Great engineering acheivement ( airplanes ) Essay

Great plan acheivement ( airplanes ) - Essay ExampleThis paper aims at examining the timeline of the knowledge of the airplane, the contribution of various engineers to this achievement and how airplanes have improve lives. In addition, this paper will examine some of the contingent future developments on airplanes.The history of the development of the airplane dates back to the late nineteenth century when a German engineer named Otto Lilienthal started to experiment with gliders (National honorary society of Engineering, 2014). During the same period, Octave Chanute, an American engineer also experimented with multiple gliders. Through these early experiments, Lilienthal and Chanute demonstrated that it was possible to have a controlled device in floating in air. In 1901, a gasoline-powered version of the tandem-winged drome was built by Samuel Langley. In 1903, the Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright made the first powered and piloted flight in North Carolina. On this day, Wilbu r flew for 852 over the ground in about 59 seconds.Ludwig Prandtl, a German professor, presented a paper in 1904 that described the concept of the boundary layer (National Academy of Engineering, 2014). This is the molecular layer of air that is found on an aircrafts wing. This paper was an important contribution in the study of aerodynamics. Eugene Ely piloted a Curtiss biplane on a put-on from a ship in 1910. The following year, he was able to take off from shore and get on a ship in California. These early planes required the assistance of the pilot to make them persistent and travel in a straight line. The concept of the gyrostabilizer was introduced in 1914 by Lawrence Sperry. The gyrostabilizer was employ to stabilize the plane and make it fly in a straight line without the assistance of a pilot. In 1916, Sperry, with the help of his father Elmer, demonstrated the first automatic pilot.Starting 1914 to 1918, many improvements in the body structure and control of the airpla ne were

Purpose and Function of Newspeak Research Paper

mark and Function of Newspeak - Research Paper ExampleThis shows that the language is widely utilise in Europe, particularly in Germany. The contextual theme of this study is based on a focus to clarify the purpose and principles of the Newspeak. As such, the study hopes to point out that in the event that the natural human atmosphere is affected by bad politics, the result is a corruption of the language hence, the thoughts of people. Thus, this argument presents the main concept in plunk for of inventing Newspeak.Largely, it can be argued that the invention decision of the language was informed by a desire to foregather the ideological needs of the English Socialism or Ingsoc that was present by then. However, this form of language has been hibernating(prenominal) and rarely used till later years such as 1984 since no one used Newspeak as the exclusive communication means, orally or written. During these periods, leading articles such as published by Times were written in the Newspeak language but required a the services of a medical specialist for the tour de force to take place. The expectation was that Newspeak would act as a replacement and supersede the Oldspeak (standard English) by around 2050 (Adams 60-72) However, the language steadily gained ground as all members in political parties at this meter were optimistic and eager to incorporate the Newspeak haggling in their speeches. This was so that they would be recognized and defined by the new grammatical constructions that accompanied their language (Moustaki 50-61).At around the year 1984 when the uptake of Newspeak language was at its peak, the availed dictionary for the language through the Ninth and Tenth editions were provisional hence, largely contained archaic and superfluous words and grammatical formations that required suppressions.

How Treating Employees Well Impacts Profits and Sales Research Paper

How Treating Employees Well Impacts Profits and Sales - Research Paper ExampleIn light of this, this account will investigate the rationale behind treating employees wellspring to benefit an organization. Although there are several new(prenominal) circumstanceors to consider for an organization to maximize wage, people responsible for the management of organizational matters hold the highest value in moving towards the fulfillment of organizational goals. The rationale for Treating Employees Well There are several reasons stating why ameliorate treatment of employees issues in improving job performances, as well as in maximizing profits and sales. In fact, a study conducted by Leblebici (2012) on the impact of workplace quality on employee productivity documented that an organization that treats employees well tends to have a creative workforce that not only contri merelyes to the brass of strong organizational culture but also produces top results. For example, if managers of a company develop and use an attractive compensation plan for employees, the result will be very positive for the company as employees will tend to work hard to achieve rewards and benefits included in the compensation plan. This will result in improved employee productivity, as well as increased sales and profits for the company. While communion of the town about the reasons that make positive employee treatment productive for the achievement of organizational goals and objectives, let us talk about employee satisfaction which is one of the main factors having links with positive employee treatment and improved organizational performance. It is a fact that every employee wants to in an organization that understands the needs of employees and take effective measures to meet those needs. The level of employee productivity is usually high in organizations which respect the needs of employees and provide them with safe and flexible workplace milieu. Employees super contribute t o the development of the organization as long as they feel satisfaction with the workplace environment provided to them by their managers (Leblebici, 2012). For example, in organizations where employee safety and benefits are considered critical for the development of organization, the level of employee performance goes high because employees run able to concentrate more towards work instead of worrying about their professional life and safety. Treating employees well not only increases organizational performance in terms of increased sales and profits but also draws more employees into an organization. For example, an organization that treats its employees well stands a chance of creating an organizational culture that creates a favourable picture of the organization. When this happens, employees and other stakeholders spread the word, and this encourages other potential employees to apply for positions available within the organization. It is a fact that employees do not like to work for an organization that has poor of its culture because of improper employee treatment, such as, omit of compensation plans and job insecurity (Leblebici, 2012). Employees do not apply for jobs within such organizations and try their circumstances with the organizations that are known for their employee friendly culture.